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船舶垃圾的分类和记录

1 引言 Introduction:根据《经1978年议定书修订的<1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约>》附则V第10条，对船舶每一次排放操作或焚烧过程应有记录，包括向海中、向接收设施或向其他船舶的排放，以及垃圾的意外落失。In accordance with regulation 10 of Annex V of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 （MARPOL）, a record is to be kept of each discharge operation or completed incineration. This includes discharges into the sea, to reception facilities, or to other ships, as well as the accidental loss of garbage.2垃圾和垃圾管理Garbage and garbage management:垃圾系指产生于船舶正常营运期间并需要连续或定期处理的各种食品废弃物、生活废弃物、操作废弃物、所有的塑料、货物残留物、焚烧炉灰、食用油、渔具和动物尸体，但本公约其他附则中所界定或列出的物质除外。垃圾不包括因航行过程中的捕鱼活动和为把包括贝类在内的鱼产品安置在水产品养殖设施内以及把捕获的包括贝类在内的鱼产品从此类设施转到岸上加工的运输过程中产生的鲜鱼及其部分。Garbage means all kinds of food wastes, domestic wastes and operational wastes, all plastics, cargo residues, cooking oil, fishing gear, and animal carcasses generated during the normal operation of the ship and liable to be disposed of continuously or periodically except those substances which are defined or listed in other Annexes to the present Convention. Garbage does not include fresh fish and parts thereof generated as a result of fishing activities undertaken during the voyage, or as a result of aquaculture activities which involve the transport of fish including shellfish for placement in the aquaculture facility and the transport of harvested fish including shellfish from such facilities to shore for processing.《防污公约》附则V的实施导则[1]也应作为相关信息参考。The Guidelines for the Implementation of Annex V of MARPOL1 should also be referred to for relevant information.3垃圾种类Description of the garbage: 就本记录簿第I和II部分（或船舶的正式航海日志）记录而言，垃圾分类如下：Garbage is to be grouped into categories for the purposes of recording in parts I and II of the Garbage Record Book (or ship's official log-book) as follows:第I部分Part IA 塑料PlasticsB 食品废弃物Food wastesC 生活废弃物Domestic WastesD 食用油 Cooking OilE 焚烧炉灰Incinerator ashesF 操作废弃物Operational wastesG 动物尸体Animal CarcassesH 渔具Fishing GearI 电子废弃物E-waste第II部分Part IIJ 货物残余（对海洋环境无害物质）Cargo residues (non-HME)K 货物残余（对海洋环境有害物质）Cargo residues (HME)4《垃圾记录簿》条目Entries in the Garbage Record Book4.1 发生下列情况时，须在《垃圾记录簿》上记录： Entries in the Garbage Record Book shall be made on each of the following occasions:4.1.1 当垃圾被排放至岸上接收设施[2]或其他船舶时： When garbage is discharged to a reception facility2ashore or to other ships:.1 排放的日期和时间 Date and time of discharge.2 港口或设施，或船名 Port or facility, or name of ship .3 排放的垃圾的种类 Categories of garbage discharged .4 各类垃圾的排放估算量（以立方米计） Estimated amount discharged for each category in cubic metres.5负责操作的主管高级船员签名 Signature of officer in charge of the operation.4.1.2 当垃圾被焚烧时：When garbage is incinerated:.1 焚烧开始和结束的日期和时间 Date and time of start and stop of incineration .2 焚烧开始和结束时的船舶位置（经纬度） Position of the ship (latitude and longitude) at the start and stop of incineration .3 焚烧的垃圾的种类 Categories of garbage incinerated .4 焚烧估算量（以立方米计） Estimated amount incinerated in cubic metres.5 负责操作的主管高级船员签名 Signature of the officer in charge of the operation.4.1.3 当根据《防污公约》附则V第4、5或6条或《极地规则》第II-A部分第5章将垃圾排放入海时： When garbage is discharged into the sea in accordance with regulations 4, 5 or 6 of MARPOL Annex V or chapter 5 of part II-A of the Polar Code:.1排放的日期和时间 Date and time of discharge.2船舶位置（经纬度）。注意：对于货物残留物的排放，包括排放开始和结束的位置。 Position of the ship (latitude and longitude). Note: for cargo residue discharges,include discharge start and stop positions .3 排放的垃圾的种类 Category of garbage discharged .4 各类垃圾的排放估算量（以立方米计） Estimated amount discharged for each category in cubic metres.5负责操作的主管高级船员的签名 Signature of the officer in charge of the operation.4.1.4 垃圾因意外或其他异常情况排放或落失入海时，包括按照《防污公约》附则V第7条的情形： Accidental or other exceptional discharges or loss of garbage into the sea, including in accordance with regulation 7 of Annex V of MARPOL:.1 发生的日期和时间 Date and time of occurrence.2 发生时船舶所在港口或位置（经纬度、水深，如知道） Port or position of the ship at time of occurrence (Latitude, Longitude andwater depth if known).3 排放或落失的垃圾的种类 Categories of garbage discharged or lost.4 各类垃圾的估算量（以立法米计）Estimated amount for each category in cubic metres.5 排放或落失原因及一般说明The reason for the discharge or loss and general remarks.4.2 垃圾量 Amount of garbage船上的垃圾量应以立方米估算，如可能，按照种类分别估算。《垃圾记录簿》中多次提及垃圾的估算量。垃圾估算量的精准度尚有待解释，这是公认的。估算量在垃圾处理前后会有不同。一些处理程序可能无法进行数量估算，比如，食品废弃物的连续处理。在记录和解释既有记录时应对这些因素予以考虑。The amount of garbage onboard should be estimated in cubic meters, if possible separately according to category. The Garbage Record Book contains many references to estimated amount of garbage. It is recognized that the accuracy of estimating amounts of garbage is left to interpretation. Volume estimates will differ before and after processing. Some processing procedures may not allow for a usable estimate of volume, e.g. the continuous processing of food waste. Such factors should be taken into consideration when making and interpreting entries made in a record.[1] 参见经决议修订的《关于执行〈MARPOL公约〉附则V的导则》。[1] Refer to the Guidelines for the Implementation of Annex V of MARPOL 73/78, as amended by resolutions.[2] 船长应从接收设施、包括驳船和卡车，经营人处获得一张注明转移的垃圾的估计量的收据或证明，该收据或证明须与《垃圾记录簿》一起保存。[2] Ship’s masters should obtain from the operator of the reception facilities, which includes barges and trucks, a receipt or certificate specifying the estimated amount of garbage transferred. The receipts or certificates must be kept together with the Garbage Record Book.

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